Given the constraints of capital, computing capacity, energy and infrastructure, pursuing “scale in artificial intelligence for its own sake” is neither efficient nor necessary, and India should aim for a bottom-up, multiple sector-specific approach to ensure it pays dividends, the Economic Survey 2025-26 has said.
The survey flagged high concentration of frontier large language model development in the hands of a few major firms, and export controls imposed on the most-advanced processors required for scaling up frontier model development, as…
