In recent years, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has not only made significant strides in space exploration but has also fostered a thriving ecosystem of industries and Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) that act as supply chain partners in the realisation of launch vehicles and satellites. This collaboration has set the stage for a transformative shift in India’s space landscape.
A pivotal moment came in 2020 when the Union Cabinet, led by the Prime Minister, made the decision to open up the space sector to Indian private entities. To facilitate this participation, the government established IN-SPACe (Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre) as a single-window, independent agency operating within the Department of Space (DOS).
“IN-SPACe plays a crucial role in boosting the private space sector economy in India. We act as a promoter, enabler, authoriser, and supervisor, ensuring a conducive environment for private enterprises,” said Vinod Kumar, Director at the IN-SPACe at Cypher 2024 hosted by AIM Media House.
AI and Space
Since the establishment of IN-SPACe, the agency has operationalised policies that include significant investment reforms, allowing for up to 100% direct investment in the space sector. “While some areas, such as satellite manufacturing, retain specific caps for strategic reasons, the overall shift toward commercial engagement is evident,” Kumar points out.
One of the key achievements has been the development of advanced technologies at nominal costs. Kumar highlighted, “We have significantly reduced costs in satellite manufacturing, showcasing our ability to achieve remarkable results with limited resources.”
This efficiency not only underscores India’s capabilities but also positions it as a competitive player in the global space market.
In the coming year, IN-SPACe is targeting various disruptive technologies. Traditionally, space missions relied on detailed guidance systems, but now there is a push toward integrating AI for enhanced autonomous operations.
“The Indian space program officially commenced in 1962, under the visionary leadership of Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, who established the International Committee for Space Research. And today, we are exploring AI for landing maneuvers, ensuring that our vehicles can make autonomous landings by analysing real-time data,” Kumar noted.
The research also includes using machine learning techniques for hazard detection and engaging students in projects aimed at identifying potential collisions with space debris.
“The evolving data landscape presents a wealth of scientific information, and we encourage innovators to leverage this data using AI for insights across various applications, including agriculture and disaster management,” he added.
How does it Work?
Under IN-SPACe, individuals can register companies and actively engage in the space sector, including the development of launch vehicles. A remarkable example of this is the recent launch of the world’s first 3D-printed rocket, developed by a team from IIT Madras.
Kumar emphasised the significance of such innovations and said, “This is just the beginning, our support for private initiatives is reshaping the future of space exploration in India.”
IN-SPACe provides regulatory oversight while promoting private endeavors and facilitating access to ISRO facilities at nominal costs. This approach has transformed the traditional landscape, allowing for a robust interaction between ISRO and private players.
“In the past, ISRO operated with a centralised approach, but now we have established a regulatory framework that supports both ISRO and private companies,” Kumar explained.
